Analysis on the integration of RFID technology and collection management system!Microchip manufactur

　　Analysis on the integration of RFID technology and collection management system

　　Overview of RFID technology

　　How RFID technology works

　　RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology, also known as electronic tag identification technology. It is one of the core technologies in the field of Internet of Things. The basic principle is to use radio frequency signals and spatial coupling (inductive or electromagnetic coupling) transmission characteristics to realize automatic identification of the identified object. Operation mode for collection management: firstly, each piece (set) of collection has a one-to-one correspondence with the electronic tag through fixing methods such as pasting or hanging; secondly, when the collection with electronic tags enters the recognition range of the reader, The electronic tag will be activated by the radio frequency signal sent by the reader, and according to the relevant instructions, the collection information will be transmitted between the electronic tag and the reader; finally the reader will pass the information back to the collection management information system through the network, thereby The seamless connection between the physical collection and the collection information has been realized.

　　RFID technology composition

　　RFID is composed of electronic tags, antennas and readers.

　　(1) Electronic label

　　The label has the world’s only unmodifiable electronic ID TID. The description information of the collection can be stored in the user area, including some of the core indicator fields specified by the National Cultural Heritage Administration. The TID forming the label corresponds to the collection’s total registration number. In the design and selection of electronic tags, appropriate electronic tags should be selected according to requirements.

　　Classification of electronic tags

　　1 According to whether there is power supply inside the tag, electronic tags can be divided into active tags and passive tags;

　　2 According to the working frequency, electronic tags are divided into low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency;

　　3 According to the different types of electronic label packaging, it can be divided into paper-shaped, glass-encapsulated, round and special-purpose special-shaped labels.

　　(2) Antenna

　　Antenna is the most important transmission channel of RFID technology, which is responsible for sending the carrier signal for transmitting information between the electronic tag and the reader. There are mainly three types of antennas: coil type, microstrip patch type, and dipole type. The coil type is generally used for the medium and low frequency bands; the dipole type is used for the high frequency.

　　Collection management and the feasibility of introducing RFID technology

　　Collection management work content

　　Collection management is the scientific management of collections carried out by the museum in order to accurately identify the value of the collection, ensure the safety of the collection, and give full play to the role of the collection, in accordance with the prescribed working procedures and methods. Collection management has a complete set of working procedures and methods, including the tasks and contents of receiving, selection, classification, grading, accounting, cataloging, filing, storage, custody, withdrawal, cancellation, and statistics. Every work link will produce a lot of information, the information here includes text information and audio-visual information. Therefore, collection management can be broadly divided into two parts:

　　(1) Ontology management of the collection

　　The ontology management here mainly includes the state management, safety management, and environment management of the collection; this management can ensure the physical safety of the collection.

　　(2) Collection information management

　　is the management and utilization of the information generated during the custody of the collection. This level of management can make the information derived from the collection comprehensive and complete, and provide more specific and accurate collection information for the managers and users of the collection.

　　(3) Reader

　　Readers are also called RFID terminal devices, which use radio frequency signals to read the internal data of electronic tags. The reader can be divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) according to the working frequency.

　　The development stage of collection management

　　With the rapid development of museum informatization, the methods and means of collection management have also undergone revolutionary changes. With the methods and means of collection management as the main line, collection management can be divided into manual phase, information phase and intelligent phase; here are the phases The division is aimed at the two levels of collection management.

　　(1) Artificial stage

　　The ontology management of the collection mainly relies on manual positioning, statistics and inventory work. The management of the storage environment of the collection is also the manual reading of temperature and humidity monitoring tools, and manual recording of relevant data information. The level of manual management mainly depends on the quality of the management personnel, with shortcomings such as low efficiency, prone to errors, and heavy workload; at this stage, collection information management is mainly through manual records, and paper-based methods are used to record collections. information.

　　(2) Informationization stage

　　The main solution at this stage is the collection information management level. The paperless system management is adopted for the information recorded in the manual phase. At this stage, large and medium-sized museums have developed and operated collection information management systems. The information generated in the tasks of classification, rating, accounting, cataloging, filing, storage, storage, withdrawal, cancellation, and statistics is managed by industry software. The information management model has greatly improved the accuracy of collection management information, and at the same time reduced the labor intensity of management personnel, greatly improving the efficiency of collection management.

　　(3) Intelligent stage

　　At this stage, the management level of the two levels of collection management has been improved by leaps and bounds. The Internet of Things technology has been introduced into the management level of the collection ontology. In particular, RFID technology and sensor networks have achieved a certain degree of promotion in the collection management. At the collection information management level, cloud computing and big data technology have been introduced, which has further improved the utilization of collection information. In this management stage, information technology and the cultural and cultural industry have been highly integrated.

　　The possibility of introducing RFID technology in museums

　　In the past ten years, the collection management of Changzhou Museum has made great progress in the application of information. The following is an elaboration on the status quo of Changzhou Museum's collection ontology management, collection information management, and collection warehouse environmental management.

　　(1) Current status of the ontology management of the collection

　　In terms of the ontology management of the collection, it is still in the manual stage. The storage, inventory, and delivery of the collection are mainly carried out manually. The management method is still the card management method. The formed collection information text is the catalog card, the general ledger, and the records of storage and exit.

　　(2) The current status of environmental management of the collection

　　In order to better protect the collections, the Changzhou Museum officially launched a preventive protection system in November 2016. The system uses the Internet of Things technology to dynamically collect the parameters of the collection’s environment in real time, and the sensor network The collected parameters are transmitted back to the database of the system, and the dynamic information of each warehouse and exhibition hall environment is dynamically displayed through the terminal device. So that the collection manager can better maintain the environmental safety of the collection. This project involves a total of 69 sets of monitoring instruments, including 55 sets of temperature and humidity sensors, 4 sets of CO 2 sensors, 4 sets of VOCs-temperature and humidity sensors, and 6 sets of illuminance-ultraviolet-temperature and humidity sensors. Group, basically covering the preservation environment of all cultural relics in the collection.

　　(3) Current status of collection information management

　　In order to make deeper use of collection information, Changzhou Museum officially launched the collection information management system in May 2017. This system realizes collection collection, collection appraisal, collection cataloging, collection storage, collection review, collection storage, and collections. Integrated management of business activities such as warehouse delivery and collection restoration. Since the Changzhou Museum still has problems with the management of natural specimens, the system integrates the management of cultural relics and specimens. At the same time, the system is also extensible. It reserves a data interface with the preventive protection system and an interface for general data reporting from the National Cultural Heritage Administration, realizing the intercommunication of collection information data between various business systems.

　　(4) Combined with the actual situation of Changzhou Museum, briefly analyze the feasibility of introducing RFID technology

　　First, analyze the network architecture of system data transmission: Changzhou Museum implemented the wireless WIFI project in 2013. The project is composed of 27 omnidirectional AP points and 1 directional AP point to achieve full coverage of the museum’s wireless signals. It provides a reliable channel for the data return of RFID readers. If there are special requirements when deploying RFID in the warehouse, AP points can be added in the warehouse to strengthen the coverage of wireless signals in the warehouse. This also provides a reliable transmission channel for RFID data return; at the same time, we can also use the sensor network in the preventive protection project implemented by the Changzhou Museum to transmit RFID reader data back and forth.

　　Secondly, from the perspective of environmental information management of collections: The preventive protection project of Changzhou Museum in November 2016 has realized effective management of the collection environment. At the same time, the project also uses the sensor technology of the Internet of Things to introduce RFID technology. Provides a wealth of project implementation experience.

　　Finally, analysis from collection information management: The collection information management system operated by the Changzhou Museum in May 2017 has realized all-round management of collection information and provided the most accurate collection information source for the introduction of RFID technology.

　　Collection management system implementation plan selection analysis

　　RFID system hardware selection

　　First of all, the RFID electronic tag is aimed at the particularity of museum collection management, using (UHF) passive tags, which are easy to use and are directly attached to the surface of the collection when installed, without any electronic radiation to the collection; the user area has a large storage area. , The capacity reaches 1728Bit; the data storage time is long, theoretically up to 10 years; the electronic label is relatively adaptable to the working environment, and can be used at -30℃ to 80℃, which fully meets the warehouse environment of the collection; passive electronic labels The price is cheap, and the price of an electronic label is as low as a few cents. Secondly, the antenna part adopts (UHF) dipole-type passive antenna, which is usually integrated in the electronic tag, which saves the trouble of setting up the antenna in the collection warehouse and also provides a guarantee for the effective operation of the antenna. Finally: the reader part adopts a handheld reader with a WIFI function module, which can conveniently operate the electronic tags of the collection, and at the same time, it can also send data back to the collection management information system through the WIFI function module.

　　RFID system software solution

　　There are two software solutions for the RFID system:

　　One is to expand and develop on the basis of the collection information management system, adding a new label issuing module and a label management module, so that it can be integrated with the existing collection management system;

　　The second is to use the collection information system to reserve data interfaces to retrieve data from the RFID system to achieve intercommunication between the two systems. In terms of system stability and continuity, the first scheme is more suitable for the actual situation of Changzhou Museum.

　　Conclusion

　　The successful launch of 　　 collection information management system has laid a solid foundation for the introduction of RFID technology. At the same time, the successful implementation of preventive protection projects and the successful experience of the brother museums (Nanjing Museum and Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum) have provided the Changzhou Museum with reliable implementation experience for the introduction of this technology. However, there are also some common applications of the fusion technology of the two. Question: First, whether the selection of RFID electronic tags will damage the collection, and second, whether the selection of RFID information dissemination frequency band will cause harmonic interference with the frequency band of the existing sensor network. Finally, the application of RFID technology should be based on each library’s It depends on the actual situation and cannot be the same.

　　For example, at the 2017 Jiangsu Provincial Museum New Technology Alliance Academic Exchange Conference, Hu Chui, the former director of the Information Department of the Palace Museum, mentioned that the use of RFID technology will bring more harm to the Palace Museum than benefits, so they will not use RFID technology. In view of the common problems in the industry, the method we have taken is only to avoid it, but not to solve it completely. For the choice of RFID electronic tags, the protection of the collection must be the first priority, not the cost and technology. At the same time On the premise of not damaging the collection, try to improve the information receiving sensitivity of the electronic tag, which can reduce the high frequency requirements for signal transmission to a large extent, thereby reducing the possibility of harmonic interference.

　　Generally speaking, the integration of RFID technology and collection information management system is feasible. The combination of the two will greatly improve the storage level of the Changzhou Museum, and at the same time, the information level of the Changzhou Museum will be greatly improved.

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