Take you into the world of RFID radio frequency identification system

　　Take you into the world of RFID radio frequency identification system

　　01RFID radio frequency identification technology

　　The full English name of RFID is Radio Frequency Identification, also known as electronic tags, radio frequency identification, inductive electronic chips, proximity cards, proximity cards, non-contact cards, and electronic barcodes.

　　RFID radio frequency identification is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which automatically recognizes the target object and obtains related data through radio frequency signals. The identification work does not require manual intervention and can work in various harsh environments.

　　02 RFID system architecture

　　A typical RFID system is mainly composed of four parts: reader, electronic tag, RFID middleware and application system software. Generally, we refer to middleware and application software as application system. In the actual RFID solution, the RFID system contains some basic components. The components are divided into hardware components and software components.

　　RFID system structure

　　From the perspective of function realization, the RFID system can be divided into two parts: the edge system and the software system. The edge system mainly completes information perception and belongs to the hardware component part; the software system completes the information processing and application; the communication facility is responsible for the entire RFID system Information transfer.

　　03 Basic composition of radio frequency identification system

　　electronic label

　　Electronic Tag (Electronic Tag), also known as transponder or Smart Label, is a miniature wireless transceiver device, mainly composed of built-in antenna and chip.

　　Reader

　　Reader is a device that captures and processes RFID tag data. It can be a separate individual or it can be embedded in other systems. The reader is also one of the important components of the RFID system. Because it can write data to the RFID tag, it is called a reader.

　　The hardware part of the reader is usually composed of transceivers, microprocessors, memory, external sensors/actuators, alarm input/output interfaces, communication interfaces and power supplies.

　　controller

　　The controller is the command center for the orderly work of the reader chip, the main functions are:

　　1, communicate with application system software;

　　2, execute the action instructions sent from the application system software;

　　3, control the communication process with the tag;

　　4. Encoding and decoding of baseband signals;

　　5, execute anti-collision algorithm;

　　6. Encrypt and decrypt the data transmitted between the reader and the tag;

　　7. Perform identity authentication between the reader and the electronic tag;

　　8. Control of keyboard, display device and other external devices.

　　Reader antenna

　　Antenna is a device that receives or radiates the front-end radio frequency signal power in the form of electromagnetic waves. It is an interface device between the circuit and the space, and is used to convert the energy of guided traveling waves and free space waves. In the RFID system, antennas are divided into two major categories: electronic tag antennas and reader-writer antennas, which are responsible for receiving energy and transmitting energy respectively.

　　The characteristics of the RFID system reader antenna are:

　　1. Small enough to be attached to the items needed;

　　2, the directionality with omnidirectional or hemispherical coverage;

　　3, can provide the largest possible signal to the tag chip;

　　4. Regardless of the direction of the article, the polarization of the antenna can match the 5. interrogation signal of the card reader;

　　6. Robust;

　　7. The price is cheap.

　　The main factors that should be considered when choosing the reader antenna are:

　　1, the type of antenna;

　　2, the impedance of the antenna;

　　3, the performance of the RF applied to the article;

　　4. RF performance when there are other items surrounding the labeled item.

　　Communication facilities

　　Communication facilities provide secure communication connections for different RFID system management and are an important part of the RFID system. Communication facilities include wired or wireless networks and serial communication interfaces that connect readers or controllers with computers. The wireless network can be a personal area network (PAN) (such as Bluetooth technology), a local area network (such as 802.11x, WiFi), or a wide area network (such as GPRS, 3G technology) or a satellite communication network (such as a synchronous orbit satellite L-band RFID system) .

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